“欸乃数声歌”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《蓦山溪》是一首宋代的诗词，作者是张表臣。以下是这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

蓦山溪
楼横北固，尽日厌厌雨。
欸乃数声歌，但渺漠、江山烟树。
寂寥风物，三五过元宵，寻柳眼，觅花英，春色知何处。
落梅呜咽，吹彻江城暮。
脉脉数飞鸿，杳归期、东风凝伫。
长安不见，烽起夕阳间，魂欲断，酒初醒，独下危梯去。

译文：
山溪突然出现
楼阁横亘在北固山上，整天阴沉沉的下雨。
唉，只有几声歌唱，却是那样遥远，江山、烟树都变得模糊不清。
寂寥的风景，只有三五个人经过元宵节，寻找柳眼，寻觅花朵的芬芳，春天的美丽在何方？
落下的梅花低声哭泣，风吹过江城的黄昏。
温柔而忧伤地数着飞过的雁，它们的归期遥远，东风凝结在原地。
长安的景象不再见，战火在夕阳下燃起，我的心灵即将破裂，酒刚刚醒来，独自下降危险的梯子。

诗意和赏析：
《蓦山溪》这首诗描绘了一个寂寥凄凉的景象，通过作者对自然景物的描写，表达了对逝去时光和失落的思念之情。整首诗以雨天为背景，营造出一种阴沉沉的氛围，与作者内心的凄凉心境相呼应。

诗中出现的楼阁横亘在北固山上，增添了一种高耸入云的形象，与雨水的倾泻形成鲜明的对比。作者借景抒发了对长安的思念之情，长安作为当时的都城，是繁华和荣耀的象征，但现在却不再可见。

诗中还描写了春天的景色，寻找柳眼和花朵的美丽，但这一切都变得模糊和遥远，显示了作者的孤独和迷茫。而落下的梅花则象征着凋谢和离别，它们低声哭泣，将凄凉的气氛进一步加深。

诗的最后，作者描述了飞过的雁和即将归期的东风。雁的归期遥远，东风凝结在原地，暗示了作者思念的对象也远离了自己，无法与之相见。而长安的景象不再见，战火在夕阳下燃起，表达了作者内心的痛苦和无奈。

整首诗以凄凉的情感和意境为主线，通过对自然景物的描写和意象的运用，表达了作者内心深处的孤独、失落和对逝去时光的思念之情《蓦山溪》 is a poem from the Song Dynasty written by Zhang Biaochen. Here is the Chinese translation, poetic meaning, and appreciation of the poem:

蓦山溪
楼横北固，尽日厌厌雨。
欸乃数声歌，但渺漠、江山烟树。
寂寥风物，三五过元宵，寻柳眼，觅花英，春色知何处。
落梅呜咽，吹彻江城暮。
脉脉数飞鸿，杳归期、东风凝伫。
长安不见，烽起夕阳间，魂欲断，酒初醒，独下危梯去。

Translation:
Suddenly, a mountain stream appears.
The building spans across Beigu Mountain, with tiresome rain lasting all day.
Ah, only a few songs are heard, distant and vague, like misty mountains and smoky trees.
The desolate scenery, a few people pass by during the Lantern Festival, searching for the eyes of willows, seeking blooming flowers, where does the beauty of spring reside?
The falling plum blossoms sob, blowing through the twilight of the river city.
Gently, a few migratory geese pass by, their return is far away, the east wind lingers.
No sight of Chang'an, the beacon rises between the setting sun, my soul is about to break, awakening from the wine, I descend alone on a perilous ladder.

Poetic Meaning and Appreciation:
"蓦山溪" depicts a desolate and melancholic scene. Through the description of natural scenery, the poet expresses a yearning for the past and a sense of loss. The entire poem is set against a rainy backdrop, creating a gloomy atmosphere that resonates with the poet's desolate state of mind.

The poem begins with a building spanning across Beigu Mountain, creating an image of towering height contrasting with the pouring rain. The poet employs this scenery to express his longing for Chang'an, the capital city at the time, symbolizing prosperity and glory, but now no longer visible.

The poem also describes the scenery of spring, searching for the beauty of willow eyes and blooming flowers. However, everything becomes blurred and distant, reflecting the poet's loneliness and confusion. The falling plum blossoms symbolize withering and parting, as they sob softly, deepening the sense of desolation.

At the end of the poem, the poet describes migratory geese flying by and the forthcoming return of the east wind. The geese's return is distant, and the east wind lingers, implying that the object of the poet's yearning is also far away, unable to be reunited. The disappearance of Chang'an's scenery and the rising of the beacon in the sunset express the poet's inner pain and helplessness.

The entire poem revolves around a sense of desolation, expressing the poet's feelings of loneliness, loss, and longing for the past through the description of natural scenery and the use of imagery.

mò shān xī
蓦山溪

lóu héng běi gù, jǐn rì yàn yàn yǔ.
楼横北固，尽日厌厌雨。
ǎi nǎi shù shēng gē, dàn miǎo mò jiāng shān yān shù.
欸乃数声歌，但渺漠、江山烟树。
jì liáo fēng wù, sān wǔ guò yuán xiāo, xún liǔ yǎn, mì huā yīng, chūn sè zhī hé chǔ.
寂寥风物，三五过元宵，寻柳眼，觅花英，春色知何处。
luò méi wū yè, chuī chè jiāng chéng mù.
落梅呜咽，吹彻江城暮。
mò mò shù fēi hóng, yǎo guī qī dōng fēng níng zhù.
脉脉数飞鸿，杳归期、东风凝伫。
cháng ān bú jiàn, fēng qǐ xī yáng jiān, hún yù duàn, jiǔ chū xǐng, dú xià wēi tī qù.
长安不见，烽起夕阳间，魂欲断，酒初醒，独下危梯去。