“秃尾槎头俱避席”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《舟中买双鳜鱼》是宋代杨万里创作的一首诗词。以下是诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

舟中买双鳜鱼，
In the boat, I buy a pair of mandarin fish,
金陵城中无纤鳞。
In Jinling city, there are no fish with delicate scales.

一鱼往往重六钧，
Each fish weighs six jin,
脊梁尃车尾梢云。
Its backbone is like a carriage's tail, resembling clouds.

囱如大武千秋箸，
Its gills are like the chopsticks of a grand feast,
小港阻风泊乌舫。
In a small harbor, the wind is blocked, and the black boat is anchored.

舫前渔艇晨收网，
In front of the boat, fishing boats collect their nets in the morning,
一双白锦跳银刀。
A pair of white mandarin fish jump like silver knives.

玉质黑章大如掌，
Their jade-like bodies are as big as palms,
洞庭枨子青欲黄。
In Dongting Lake, the mandarin fish turn from green to yellow.

香肤作线醯作浆，
Their fragrant skin is used to make thread, and their flesh is used to make paste,
供侬朝吃复晚吃。
They are served for both breakfast and dinner.

秃尾槎头俱避席，
Even the bald-tailed and the rough-headed fish avoid their presence,
可怜秋浦好秋山。
It's a pity that the beautiful autumn river and mountain cannot satisfy my eyes.

侬眼未饱即北还，
Before my eyes are satisfied, I must return north,
江神挈月作团扇。
The river god holds the moon and makes it into a round fan.

一夜挥风卷波面，
In one night, the wind blows and the waves roll,
留侬看山仍看江。
I stay and gaze at the mountains and the river.

更荐鲜鱼庖玉霜，
I offer fresh fish to the kitchen, where the jade frost resides,
江神好意那可忘。
How can I forget the river god's kindness?

江神恶剧那可当。
I cannot withstand the river god's wrathful play.

这首诗词以描写买鳜鱼的经历为主线，通过对鳜鱼的形态、特点和食用方式的描绘，展现了作者对美食的热爱和对江河之神的敬畏之情。诗中运用了丰富的形象描写，如鳜鱼的重量、外貌、香肤等，使读者能够感受到鳜鱼的美味和珍贵。同时，通过描绘江神的形象和行为，表达了作者对自然力量的敬畏和对江河的依赖。

整首诗词以平实的语言表达了作者对美食和自然的热爱，展现了宋代文人对生活的细腻感受和对自然界的敬畏之情。读者在欣赏这首诗词时，可以感受到作者对美食的热情和对自然的赞美，同时也能够体味到宋代文人的生活情趣和审美追求。

zhōu zhōng mǎi shuāng guì yú
舟中买双鳜鱼

jīn líng chéng zhōng wú xiān lín, yī yú wǎng wǎng zhòng liù jūn.
金陵城中无纤鳞，一鱼往往重六钧。
jǐ liáng fū chē wěi shāo yún, cōng rú dà wǔ qiān qiū zhù.
脊梁尃车尾梢云，囱如大武千秋箸。
xiǎo gǎng zǔ fēng pō wū fǎng, fǎng qián yú tǐng chén shōu wǎng.
小港阻风泊乌舫，舫前渔艇晨收网。
yī shuāng bái jǐn tiào yín dāo, yù zhì hēi zhāng dà rú zhǎng.
一双白锦跳银刀，玉质黑章大如掌。
dòng tíng chéng zi qīng yù huáng, xiāng fū zuò xiàn xī zuò jiāng.
洞庭枨子青欲黄，香肤作线醯作浆。
gōng nóng cháo chī fù wǎn chī, tū wěi chá tóu jù bì xí.
供侬朝吃复晚吃，秃尾槎头俱避席。
kě lián qiū pǔ hǎo qiū shān, nóng yǎn wèi bǎo jí běi hái.
可怜秋浦好秋山，侬眼未饱即北还。
jiāng shén qiè yuè zuò tuán shàn, yī yè huī fēng juǎn bō miàn.
江神挈月作团扇，一夜挥风卷波面。
liú nóng kàn shān réng kàn jiāng, gèng jiàn xiān yú páo yù shuāng.
留侬看山仍看江，更荐鲜鱼庖玉霜。
jiāng shén hǎo yì nà kě wàng, jiāng shén è jù nà kě dāng.
江神好意那可忘，江神恶剧那可当。