“不但项脔与腹腴”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《醉中歌》是宋代陆游的一首诗词。以下是这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

吾少贫贱真臞儒，
In my youth, I was poor and humble, a true Confucian,
贪食嗜味老不除。
Indulging in food and taste, unable to rid myself of this habit.
折腰歛版日走趋，
I stoop and scurry for a living each passing day,
归来聊以醉自娱。
Returning home, I find solace in getting drunk.

长缾巨榼罗杯盂，
Long jars, large flasks, cups, and basins made of silk,
不须渔翁劝三闾。
No need for the angler to advise the three realms.
牛尾膏美如凝酥，
The beef fat is as delicate as solidified cream,
猫头轮囷欲专车。
Cat's head-shaped dumplings fill my plate as if they were exclusive delicacies.

黄雀万里行头颅，
A yellow sparrow travels thousands of miles to be my dish,
白鹅作鮓天下无。
A white goose becomes my pickled delicacy, unrivaled in the world.
浔阳糖蟹径尺余，
Sweet Xunyang crabs, measuring over a foot in size,
吾州之蔊尤嘉蔬。
The vegetables from my region are especially delicious.

珍盘餖飣百味俱，
Exquisite dishes on the table, a feast with a hundred flavors,
不但项脔与腹腴。
Not only are the choicest cuts of meat and fatty delicacies present.
悠然一饱自笑愚，
Leisurely and fully satisfied, I laugh at my own foolishness,
顾为口腹劳形躯。
Only caring about the pleasures of the mouth, neglecting the well-being of the body.

投劾行矣归园庐，
Putting aside indulgence, I return to my humble abode,
莫厌粝饭尝黄葅。
No longer disdain plain meals, I taste the yellow broth.

诗意和赏析：
《醉中歌》描绘了作者陆游对物质享受的追求和对尘世红尘的沉迷。诗中，陆游自嘲年轻时贫困，却沉湎于贪食嗜味的习惯，形容自己折腰辛苦劳作，只为了回到家中能够沉醉自娱。他描述了丰盛的酒席和美味佳肴，将它们比作珍贵的器皿和食物，表达了对丰富口腹之欲望的追求。然而，最后他意识到自己只顾享受口腹之欢乐，忽略了身体的健康和精神的追求，自嘲自己的愚蠢。

该诗的诗意在于批判过度追求物质享受和肉体欢愉的生活态度，呼吁人们应当追求更高尚的精神追求和内心的满足。尽管美食和享受带来短暂的快乐，但它们不能给予真正的满足和幸福。通过对自己的自嘲和警示，陆游表达了对人生的深刻思考和对内心追求的呼唤。

这首诗词运用了丰富的形象和比喻，以及准确的描写，将作者对物质享受和精神追求的思考生动地表达《醉中歌》是宋代陆游的一首诗词。以下是这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

吾少贫贱真臞儒，
In my youth, I was truly a poor Confucian,
贪食嗜味老不除。
Indulging in gluttony and culinary delights, unable to break free from it.
折腰歛版日走趋，
Bending down, I scurry through the day for a living,
归来聊以醉自娱。
Returning home, I find solace in getting drunk.

长缾巨榼罗杯盂，
Long jars, large flasks, silk cups and basins,
不须渔翁劝三闾。
No need for the angler to advise the three realms.
牛尾膏美如凝酥，
Beef fat as delicate as solidified cream,
猫头轮囷欲专车。
Cat's head-shaped dumplings fill my plate, as if they were exclusive delicacies.

黄雀万里行头颅，
A yellow sparrow's head travels thousands of miles,
白鹅作鮓天下无。
A white goose becomes pickled, unrivaled in the world.
浔阳糖蟹径尺余，
Xunyang's sugar-coated crabs measure over a foot,
吾州之蔊尤嘉蔬。
My region's vegetables are especially delicious.

珍盘餖飣百味俱，
Exquisite dishes offer a variety of flavors,
不但项脔与腹腴。
Not only the delicacies of meat and fat.
悠然一饱自笑愚，
Leisurely and fully satisfied, I laugh at my own foolishness,
顾为口腹劳形躯。
Only caring for the pleasures of the mouth, neglecting the well-being of the body.

投劾行矣归园庐，
Putting aside indulgence, I return to my humble abode,
莫厌粝饭尝黄葅。
No longer disdain plain meals, I taste the yellow broth.

诗意和赏析：
《醉中歌》描绘了作者陆游年少时贫困困顿的生活和对尘世红尘的沉湎。诗中，陆游自嘲年轻时贫困，却沉迷于贪食嗜味的习惯，形容自己为了生计低头赶路，只有回到家中才能够沉醉自娱。他描绘了丰盛的酒宴和美味佳肴，将其比作珍贵的器皿和美食，表达了对丰富口腹之欲望的追求。然而，最后他意识到自己只顾享受口腹之乐，忽略了身体的健康和精神的追求，自嘲自己的愚蠢。

该诗的诗意在于批判过度追求物质享受和肉体欢愉的生活态度，呼吁人们应当追求更高尚的精神追求和内心的满足。尽管美食和享受带来短暂的快乐，但它们不能给予真正的满足和幸福。通过对自己的自嘲和警示，陆游表达了对人生的深刻思考和对内心追求的呼唤。

这首诗词运用了丰富的形象和比喻，以及准确的描写，生动地表达了作者对物质享受和精神追求的思考。通过对食物的描绘，诗中展现了对

zuì zhōng gē
醉中歌

wú shǎo pín jiàn zhēn qú rú, tān shí shì wèi lǎo bù chú.
吾少贫贱真臞儒，贪食嗜味老不除。
zhé yāo hān bǎn rì zǒu qū, guī lái liáo yǐ zuì zì yú.
折腰歛版日走趋，归来聊以醉自娱。
zhǎng píng jù kē luó bēi yú, bù xū yú wēng quàn sān lǘ.
长缾巨榼罗杯盂，不须渔翁劝三闾。
niú wěi gāo měi rú níng sū, māo tóu lún qūn yù zhuān chē, huáng què wàn lǐ xíng tou lú, bái é zuò zhǎ tiān xià wú, xún yáng táng xiè jìng chǐ yú, wú zhōu zhī hǎn yóu jiā shū, zhēn pán dòu dìng bǎi wèi jù, bù dàn xiàng luán yǔ fù yú.
牛尾膏美如凝酥，猫头轮囷欲专车，黄雀万里行头颅，白鹅作鮓天下无，浔阳糖蟹径尺余，吾州之蔊尤嘉蔬，珍盘餖飣百味俱，不但项脔与腹腴。
yōu rán yī bǎo zì xiào yú, gù wèi kǒu fù láo xíng qū.
悠然一饱自笑愚，顾为口腹劳形躯。
tóu hé xíng yǐ guī yuán lú, mò yàn lì fàn cháng huáng zū.
投劾行矣归园庐，莫厌粝饭尝黄葅。